GEOLOGY AND EXPLORATION
DEVELOPMENT AND OPERATION OF OIL FIELDS
Asset value depends on the choice of the optimal development system. In conditions of hard-to-recover reserves, three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling is an integral part of the development design. Trajectory of a horizontal well is a critical parameter in assessing production potential. The high labor costs often lead to the fact that developers neglect to perform a detailed assessment of the development systems. This can lead to incorrect design decisions. it is required to develop a tool that allows you to automatically create realistic well trajectories and generate predictive options for calculation that exclude deliberately non-optimal well trajectories in the reservoir. Our tool choose the technologically achievable optimal well trajectories, taking into account the restrictions on the angle set during drilling.
This paper presents a physico-mathematical model and an algorithm for generating microseismic activity during hydraulic fracture propagation. Defects (inhomogeneities) of the rock are described using the ESC-model. Formulas for displacements discontinuities and characteristics of seismic and aseismic events are obtained. The algorithm was implemented and tested in the program. Calculations for pseudo3D and planar3D models of fracture propagations are carried out. It was found that the field of microseismic events can approximately restore the evolution of a hydraulic fracture in time, what is consistent with observations.
A substantial increase in oil production from both conventional and unconventional reservoirs can be achieved by ap-plying the multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies. These technologies are being constantly improved and well and reservoir performance after multi-stage hydraulic fracturing needs to be monitored both at the stage when each technology is tried out and in those well where a proven technology was applied but the target production level was not reached. This paper describes the results of test well investigations and field tests in which radial distance from the acoustic signal source to well axis was successfully estimated by using a multi-sensor passive acoustic logging tool, thereby making it possible to interpret the signals as the ones caused by reservoir flows.
For now, the time of «light crude oil» has ended on the territory of the West Siberian oil and gas basin, which entails the reorientation of oil companies to search for non-involved areas in the perimeter of current assets and the use of new technologies to increase the profitability of development. The «Gazprom neft» NTC applies an integrated approach to solve these problems. Multidisciplinary teams have been created for each asset, where not only the specialists of the NTC, but also all the necessary services of the mining enterprise are involved in a single team. The article covers the features and mechanisms of this approach. The structure of the approach can be presented as successive interrelated stages, including a detailed geological study, based on conceptual modeling, data analysis and realization on their basis of multivariate calculations to determine the optimal development system. The next stages are adaptation of the selected system and the placement of the well stock at each perspective site, followed by variable calculation of development indicators and economic efficiency. The final stages are the preparation of the risk matrix, the implementation of the additional appraisal program and drilling technical support, according to the developed design logic. During the description of the entire process of planning and implementation of placing of new wells program, the main features and methods of solving the problems facing the engineering team were given, as well as the tools developed by the company to achieve the maximum speed of the calculations side by side with their high accuracy. The effectiveness of the multidisciplinary project approach is proved by the continuously decreasing number of inefficient investments, positive dynamics of confirmation of forecast indicators for wells in the «Gazprom neft» current assets, as well as the achievement (from 2015 to 2018) of an average flow rate increase of 37 %.
The proposed approach allows to evaluate and classify residual non-recoverable OOIP basing on the criterion of development com-plexity. The concept of uninvolved reserves is introduced. To evaluate possible recoverable reserves, a scenario calculation of the oil recovery factor was performed, according to the El-Khatib model based on the statistical method - displacement characteristics. Au-thors developed an express method for evaluation and classification of non-recoverable reserves based on a comprehensive RCI de-velopment complexity index. For a quick evaluation of reserves, authors propose to use the RCI model with three parameters: per-meability of the formation, initial water cut, which is determined by the initial oil saturation, Corey coefficient for oil, water, maximum relative oil and water permeabilities and waterflooding efficiency, determined through the vertical non-uniformity coefficients (Dyk-stra-Parsons) and lateral heterogeneity. Also, a new method is proposed to evaluate of the waterflooding effectiveness - find the ac-cumulated fluid flow through a unit of pore volume using a hydrodynamic simulator (keywords FLOWO and FLOWW). Further, based on the obtained parameters, it is possible to estimate the residual recoverable reserves: with an increase in the criterion, the com-plexity of development increases. In conclusion, a universal approach has been developed for the evaluation and classification of geo-logical reserves for the further selection of the optimal development system.
Repeated acid matrix stimulation is the main technology to restore and improve well productivity in carbonate reservoirs. In this paper, the necessity to take into account the results of previous near well bore zone stimulations is shown. The approach was proposed and implemented into created simulator for matrix acid stimulation, which is used successfully in designing and optimization of well stimulation operations on the one of «Gazprom neft» Company’s carbonate fields.
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
The choice of a safety system for offshore production facilities assurance should be based on a multi-objective analysis of the particular technology applicability. One of the main systems at the Prirazlomnaya platform is the automated system of control and safety. By improving the system and applying the most modern world practices at the Prirazlomnaya platform, which are unique for our country, it is possible to reach new peaks. Alarms control and monitoring system adoption allowed to increase the personnel’s work efficiency at the central control station of the platform. New approaches in specialists work together with the latest digital technologies gave a positive synergetic result.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ ОБУСТРОЙСТВА МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ
This article reviews the concepts of unmanned offshore oil and gas assets used by key international vertically integrated oil companies, explores key technologies to reduce labor costs on typical land-based oil and gas assets. An analysis of the processes and operations of oil production on the onshore field, including its segmentation according to the criterion of labor costs. A joint approach to the description and organization of unmanned operations in oil and gas production on a onshore asset has been formed, examples of potential technological and digital solutions that can be used to reduce the number of service personnel in the field, in terms of performance readiness for implementation.
EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY OF OIL PRODUCTION
With the increasing complexity of geological conditions, quality sampling of reservoir fluids becomes an increasingly difficult task, which requires new approaches to technology and a deep understanding of the physical and chemical processes occurring in the reservoir and well. The use of samplers with nitrogen pressure compensation is a relatively new direction in the Russian Federation that service companies can offer to solve this problem. However, the lack of clear criteria for justifying the use of compensatory samplers leads to a containment of their application due to their high cost. In this paper, the authors propose to use the procedures for evaluating the stability of asphaltenes (the probability of asphaltene deposits) as such criteria and describe the developed algorithm for expert evaluation of the need to use compensatory samplers.
OILFIELD EQUIPMENT
This paper expounds on the design concepts and specific features of scanning electromagnetic pulse technology. The proposed technology permits identification of small-scale penetration corrosion defects commensurate in size with perforations. The concept has been tried out during lab tests and field studies that were focused on oil and gas well integrity diagnostics.
ISSN 2588-0055 (Online)